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Umhlaba wamanje uthembele kakhulu ekushintshaneni kolwazi okuthembekile nokusheshayo. Ngokufanelekile, izimfuno ezikhulayo zamazinga edatha amakhulu zidlule umthamo wamanje wesistimu. Ubuchwepheshe besimanjemanje, i-passive optical network (PON) sebuphenduke ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo okuhlangabezana nokukhula kwesidingo sabasebenzisi bokugcina. Njengoba i-PON iqhubeka nokuguqukela esilinganisweni sedatha esingaphezu kuka-100 Gbps, ubuchwepheshe be-PON obususelwe ekutholeni ukuqina kokuguquguquka okuqondile buye baphoqeleka ukuthi buvumelane nezidingo ezikhula ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi, ubuchwepheshe be-PON obuhlangene buguqule indlela abantu abahambisa ngayo idatha ngamanethiwekhi e-fiber-optic. Ngokusebenzisa amasu okuguquguquka okuthuthukile nokucubungula isignali yedijithali, i-PON ehambisanayo ikhulise kakhulu umthamo kanye nokufinyelela kwezinhlelo ze-PON. Lokho kunikwe amandla ezokuxhumanaizinkampani ukuletha i-inthanethi enesivinini kanye nezinye izinsiza zedatha kwababhalisile abaningi ngokuthembeka okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza kahle.
Izicelo zobuchwepheshe obuhambisanayo be-PON
Ubuchwepheshe be-PON obumbene bunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa ezingaba khona kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Ezinye zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:
Imboni Yezokuxhumana
Imikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe be-PON ehambisanayo efanaYonke Ikhebula le-Dielectric Self-Supporting(ADSS),i-optical ground wire(OPGW), ikhebula le-pigtail kanye nekhebula le-optic lingasetshenziswa embonini yezokuxhumana ukuletha izinsiza ze-broadband ezinesivinini esikhulu kumakhasimende okuhlala nawomabhizinisi. Ngokusebenzisa ama-optics ahambisanayo, ama-opharetha e-telecom angafinyelela umthamo wenethiwekhi ephakeme kanye nokufinyelela isikhathi eside, anikeze isivinini se-inthanethi esishesha kakhulu futhi asekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilambele umkhawulokudonsa njengokusakazwa kwevidiyo, izinsizakalo zamafu, nolwazi lwangempela olubonakalayo.
Izikhungo Zedatha
Imikhiqizo ye-PON ehambisanayo efana ne-optical ground wire (OPGW), ikhebula le-pigtail, nekhebuli ye-optic ingasetshenziswa ezikhungweni zedatha ukuze kunikwe amandla ukuxhumeka okusebenzayo nokunokwehla. Izinhlangano zingathuthukisa amandla okudlulisa idatha ngokuhlanganisa i-PON ehambisanayo ekwakhiweni kwesikhungo sedatha, ukunciphisa ukubambezeleka, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi iyonke. Lokho kungaholela ekuphathweni kwedatha okungcono, ukufinyelela okusheshayo olwazini, nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe obusafufusa njengokufunda komshini nobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
Amadolobha ahlakaniphile
Esinye isicelo esithembisayo sobuchwepheshe be-PON obuhambisanayo kusekuthuthukiseni amadolobha ahlakaniphile. Ngokuthumela amanethiwekhi e-PON ahambisanayo, omasipala bangakha ingqalasizinda eqinile futhi evumelana nezimo ukuze basekele inhlobonhlobo yemizamo emisha yamadolobha, efana nezibani ezihlakaniphile, ukuphathwa kwethrafikhi, ukuqapha indawo ezungezile, nezinhlelo zokuphepha komphakathi. Lawa manethiwekhi anika amandla ukwabelana ngedatha, izibalo zesikhathi sangempela, nokuxhumana okuthuthukisiwe, okunikela ekuthuthukisweni okuphumelelayo nokusimeme ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
Izinsizakalo Ze-Broadband Ezithuthukisiwe
Ubuchwepheshe obuhambisanayo be-PON bungaletha izinsiza ezithuthukisiwe ze-broadband kubasebenzisi bokugcina. Ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokudlulisa ezihambisanayo, amanethiwekhi e-PON angasekela amanani edatha aphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga umkhawulokudonsa, njengokusakaza kwevidiyo ye-Ultra-HD, okungokoqobo okubonakalayo, nokudlala ku-inthanethi. Lokho kuvumela abahlinzeki besevisi ukuthi banikeze ababhalisile babo umuzwa ongcono kakhulu, bahlangabezane nesidingo esihlala sikhula sokuxhuma ku-inthanethi ngesivinini esikhulu.
I-Converged Fixed-Mobile Access
Ubuchwepheshe obuhambisanayo be-PON buvumela ukuhlangana kwamanethiwekhi angaguquki kanye nomakhalekhukhwini. Ama-opharetha angaletha ukuxhumana okungenamthungo ku-fixed-line-broadband kanye nokuvelayo5Gamasevisi eselulangokuhlanganisa ama-optics ahambisanayo nengqalasizinda ekhona ye-PON. Lokhu kuhlangana kwenza i-architecture yenethiwekhi ibe lula futhi kuvula indlela yenqwaba yesevisi emisha kanye nolwazi lwenkundla ehlukahlukene kubasebenzisi bokugcina.
Ukwehlukaniswa Kwenethiwekhi kanye nokwenza okubonakalayo
Olunye uhlelo olubalulekile lobuchwepheshe be-PON obuhambisanayo ukusika inethiwekhi nokusekelwa kwe-virtualization. Leli khono livumela opharetha ukuthi bahlukanise ingqalasizinda ye-PON engokoqobo ibe ama-PON amaningi abonakalayo, ngalinye lenzelwe izinsizakalo ezithile noma izingxenye zamakhasimende. Ngokwaba izinsiza ngamandla nangokuvumelana nezimfuneko eziguqukayo, amanethiwekhi e-PON ahambisanayo angathuthukisa ukusebenza, athuthukise ukuguquguquka, futhi akhiphe ngempumelelo izinsiza ezihlukahlukene.
Izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe be-PON
Ukugcinwa kalula
I-PON ithatha indawo yamanethiwekhi ethusi asengozini yomsindo nokuphazamiseka kazibuthe kagesi. Njengenketho, amanethiwekhi e-PON awahlushwa lokho kuphazamiseka futhi angagcina ubuqotho besignali ebangeni elihleliwe. Njengoba kulula ukuthi umuntu abuke futhi akhombe imithombo yokulahlekelwa ku-PON, lawa manethiwekhi kuba lula ukuxazulula inkinga nokuyinakekela.
Ikhono lokusekela amanani edatha e-symmetrical kanye ne-asymmetrical
Inzuzo eyodwa eyinhloko yobuchwepheshe obuhambisanayo be-PON yikhono layo lokusekela amanani edatha e-symmetrical kanye ne-asymmetrical, okuvumela ukuthunyelwa okuguquguqukayo kuzakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zenethiwekhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholwa okuhambisanayo kwenza isistimu ikwazi ukunxephezela ukonakala kwingqalasizinda yefayibha, okuholela kukhwalithi engcono yesignali kanye nesivinini sokudlulisa esiphezulu.
Ubuchwepheshe obuhambisanayo be-PON buguqula indlela amanethiwekhi okufinyelela okubona aklanywa futhi asetshenziswa ngayo. Izicelo zayo eziningi zilungisa kabusha imboni yezokuxhumana, zinikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuqina. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuhambisanayo be-PON buhlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa ezokuxhumana, amanethiwekhi ezinkampani, kanye nezinsiza ze-broadband zokuhlala. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zigqamisa ukuguquguquka nomthelela wobuchwepheshe obuhambisanayo be-PON ekuqhubekiseni ukuvela kwamanethiwekhi okufinyelela okubona kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuxhunywa kwesizukulwane esilandelayo. Njengoba isidingo sesivinini esikhulu, ukuxhumana okuthembekile siqhubeka nokukhula, ubuchwepheshe be-PON obuhambisanayo kulindeleke ukuthi bubambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nalezi zidingo kanye nokubumba ikusasa lokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi yokubona.