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Isidingo se-inthanethi enesivinini esikhulu nezixazululo zokuxhumana ezithuthukile sikhuphuke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ngenxa yalokho, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber-optic, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ze-Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) kanye ne-Fiber-to-the-Room (FTTR), isibalulekile. Lawa masistimu asebenzisa amandla angenakuqhathaniswa ama-optical fibers, njenge-Optical Fiber Cords kanye ne-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers, ukuze ahlinzeke abasebenzisi ngoxhumo lwe-inthanethi olusheshayo, oluthembeke kakhulu, nolunamandla aphezulu. Lesi sihloko sidingida intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe be-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR, ihlola ukuthi iguqula kanjani indlela esixhuma ngayo nesixhumana ngayo.
Intuthuko ku-Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH)
Ubuchwepheshe be-FTTH buye benza intuthuko enkulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthuka kwe-Optical Fiber Cords edlala indima ebalulekile. Lokhu kuthuthuka kuholele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kwejubane namandla okuxhumana kwe-inthanethi yasekhaya. Izintambo Zesimanje Ze-Optical Fiber ziklanyelwe ukuphatha imithwalo yedatha emikhulu, ukunciphisa ukubambezeleka kanye nokuthuthukisa ulwazi olunzulu ngomsebenzisi. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezidinga umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, njengokusakaza-bukhoma ividiyo, amageyimu aku-inthanethi, nomsebenzi wokude.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers nakho kube negalelo ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo ze-FTTH. Ngokungafani nemicu yemodi eyodwa, imicu yemodi eminingi ingathwala amasignali okukhanya amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ikhulise umthamo wokudlulisa idatha. Lokhu kuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlala lapho amadivaysi amaningi axhumeka ngesikhathi esisodwa ku-inthanethi.
Okuqanjwe kabusha ku-Fiber-to-the-Room (FTTR)
I-FTTR intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe be-fibre-optic, enweba izinzuzo ze-FTTH emagumbini angawodwana ngaphakathi kwekhaya noma isakhiwo. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi igumbi ngalinye linoxhumo oluqondile lwe-fibre-optic, olunikeza ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okusheshayo nokuthembekile nakakhulu. Enye yentuthuko ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe be-FTTR ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Optical Fiber Cords nezinhlelo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile. Lokhu kuvumela ukuxhumana okungenamthungo(Ibhokisi Ledeskithophu, Ibhokisi Lokusabalalisa) kanye nokulawula amadivaysi ahlakaniphile ahlukahlukene, okuthuthukisa ukunethezeka nokusebenza kahle kokuzenzakalelayo kwekhaya.
Okunye okusha okubalulekile ku-FTTR ukusebenzisa ama-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers anomzila othuthukisiwe nobuchwepheshe bokushintsha. Le nhlanganisela inika amandla ukusatshalaliswa kwe-inthanethi enesivinini esikhulu emakamelweni amaningi ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukusebenza. Iphinde ivumele ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha zenethiwekhi ezithuthukile, ukuqinisekisa ubumfihlo nokuphepha kwedatha yabasebenzisi.
Umthelela we-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR Ekuxhumaneni Nokusebenza Kwenethiwekhi
Ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe be-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuxhumekeni nokusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Ngokusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwe-Optical Fiber Cords kanye ne-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers, abasebenzisi manje bangajabulela isivinini se-inthanethi esisheshayo, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, nomthamo wedatha ophakeme. Lokhu kuye kwalithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokuzizwisa ku-inthanethi, kusukela ekusakazeni okuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu kuya ekubeni nengxenye ezingqungqutheleni zamavidiyo ngaphandle kweziphazamiso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunwetshwa kwezinhlelo ze-FTTR kulethe ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi ngesivinini esikhulu kuwo wonke amagumbi endlu noma ebhilidini. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amadivayisi axhunyiwe(i-adaptha), kungakhathaliseki indawo, ingasebenza kahle, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi iyonke.
Ikusasa le-FTTH ne-FTTR: Amathemba nezinselele
Njengoba sibheke phambili, ikusasa lobuchwepheshe be-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR libonakala lithembisa, ngamathemba amaningana ajabulisayo. Indawo eyodwa ebalulekile okugxilwe kuyo ukuhlanganisa lezi zinhlelo nobuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana ne-5G, i-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT), kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI). Lokhu kuhlangana kulindeleke ukuthi kuvule amathuba amasha ezindlini ezihlakaniphile, i-telemedicine, kanye neqiniso elibonakalayo. Isibonelo, i-FTTH ne-FTTR inganikeza umgogodla wamanethiwekhi e-5G, iqinisekise ukuxhumana okushesha kakhulu nokuthembekile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.
Okunye okubalulekile okulindelwe wukwandiswa kwamanethiwekhi e-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle. Ngokuthembela okwandayo ku-inthanethi ngemfundo, umsebenzi, nokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi enesivinini esikhulu kulezi zifunda sekuyinto ehamba phambili. Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-fiber optical, njengokuthuthukiswa kwama-Optical Fiber Cords ahlala isikhathi eside futhi angabizi, enza ukunwetshwa kwalezi zinsizakalo ezindaweni ezikude kube nokwenzeka.
Nokho, ukwamukelwa okwandile kobuchwepheshe be-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR kuveza izinselelo ezimbalwa. Esinye sezithiyo eziyinhloko ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okudingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda. Ukuthumela amanethiwekhi e-fibre-optic kuhilela izindleko eziphezulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezinselele zezwe noma imikhawulo ekhona yengqalasizinda. Ukwengeza, izinselele zobuchwepheshe zihlotshaniswa nokufaka nokugcina lezi zinhlelo, ezidinga abasebenzi abanamakhono kanye nemishini ekhethekile.
Ukubhekana Nezinselele: Amaqhinga Nezixazululo
Amasu amaningana nezisombululo ziyahlolwa ukuze kunqotshwe izinselele ezihlobene nokusatshalaliswa kwe-FTTH ne-FTTR. Ubambiswano lukahulumeni nezizimele luvela njengemodeli esebenzayo yokuxhasa ngezimali nokusebenzisa amaphrojekthi amakhulu e-fibre-optic. Ohulumeni kanye nezinkampani ezizimele bayasebenzisana ukuze babelane ngomthwalo wezezimali futhi basebenzise ubuchwepheshe bomunye nomunye ekuthuthukisweni kwenethiwekhi (I-ADSS, OPGW).
Mayelana nezinselelo zobuchwepheshe, amasu okufaka nokuthuthuka kwemishini kwenza inqubo ibe lula. Isibonelo, izindlela ezintsha zokubeka i-Optical Fiber Cords zinciphisa isikhathi nomsebenzi odingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe. Ukwengeza, ukwenza ama-optical fibers aqinile futhi avumelana nezimo eziningi kuthuthukisa ukuqina nokusebenza kwamanethiwekhi.
Isiphetho
Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) kanye ne-Fiber-to-the-Room (FTTR) ilethe ushintsho lwepharadigm ekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi. Ngesivinini esisheshayo, ukwethembeka okukhulu, kanye nokufakwa okunwetshiwe, lawa masistimu abeka amazinga amasha okusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Naphezu kwezinselele, ukusungulwa okuqhubekayo nemizamo yokubambisana kuvula indlela yekusasa elixhumene kakhulu nelithuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Njengoba i-FTTH ne-FTTR ziqhubeka nokuvela, ngokungangabazeki zizodlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni ukuma kwedijithali kwekhulu lama-21.