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Isidingo se-inthanethi enesivinini esikhulu nezixazululo zokuxhumana ezithuthukile sikhuphuke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ngenxa yalokho, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber-optic, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ze-Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) kanye ne-Fiber-to-the-Room (FTTR), isibalulekile. Lawa masistimu asebenzisa amandla angenakuqhathaniswa ama-optical fibers, njenge-Optical Fiber Cords kanye ne-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers, ukuze ahlinzeke abasebenzisi ngoxhumo lwe-inthanethi olusheshayo, oluthembeke kakhulu, nolunamandla aphezulu. Lesi sihloko sidingida intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe be-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR, ihlola ukuthi iguqula kanjani indlela esixhuma ngayo nesixhumana ngayo.
Intuthuko ku-Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH)
Ubuchwepheshe be-FTTH buye benza intuthuko enkulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthuka kwe-Optical Fiber Cords edlala indima ebalulekile. Lokhu kuthuthuka kuholele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kwejubane namandla okuxhumana kwe-inthanethi yasekhaya. Izintambo Zesimanje Ze-Optical Fiber ziklanyelwe ukuphatha imithwalo yedatha emikhulu, ukunciphisa ukubambezeleka kanye nokuthuthukisa ulwazi olunzulu ngomsebenzisi. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezidinga umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, njengokusakaza-bukhoma ividiyo, amageyimu aku-inthanethi, nomsebenzi wokude.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers nakho kube negalelo ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo ze-FTTH. Ngokungafani nemicu yemodi eyodwa, imicu yemodi eminingi ingathwala amasignali okukhanya amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ikhulise umthamo wokudlulisa idatha. Lokhu kuzenza zibe zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlala lapho amadivaysi amaningi axhumeka ngesikhathi esisodwa ku-inthanethi.
Okuqanjwe kabusha ku-Fiber-to-the-Room (FTTR)
I-FTTR intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe be-fibre-optic, enweba izinzuzo ze-FTTH egunjini ngalinye ngaphakathi kwekhaya noma isakhiwo. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi igumbi ngalinye linoxhumo oluqondile lwe-fibre-optic, linikeza ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okusheshayo nokuthembekile nakakhulu. Enye yentuthuko ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe be-FTTR ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Optical Fiber Cords nezinhlelo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile. Lokhu kuvumela ukuxhumana okungenamthungo(Ibhokisi Ledeskithophu, Ibhokisi Lokusabalalisa) kanye nokulawula amadivaysi ahlakaniphile ahlukahlukene, okuthuthukisa ukunethezeka nokusebenza kahle kokuzenzakalelayo kwekhaya.
Okunye okusha okubalulekile ku-FTTR ukusebenzisa ama-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers anomzila othuthukisiwe nobuchwepheshe bokushintsha. Le nhlanganisela inika amandla ukusatshalaliswa kwe-inthanethi enesivinini esikhulu emakamelweni amaningi ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukusebenza. Iphinde ivumele ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha zenethiwekhi ezithuthukile, ukuqinisekisa ubumfihlo nokuphepha kwedatha yabasebenzisi.
Umthelela we-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR Ekuxhumaneni Nokusebenza Kwenethiwekhi
Ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe be-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuxhumekeni nokusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Ngokusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwe-Optical Fiber Cords kanye ne-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers, abasebenzisi manje bangajabulela isivinini se-inthanethi esisheshayo, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, nomthamo wedatha ophakeme. Lokhu kuye kwalithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokuzizwisa ku-inthanethi, kusukela ekusakazeni okuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu kuya ekubeni nengxenye ezingqungqutheleni zamavidiyo ngaphandle kweziphazamiso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunwetshwa kwezinhlelo ze-FTTR kulethe ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi ngesivinini esikhulu kuwo wonke amagumbi endlu noma ebhilidini. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amadivayisi axhunyiwe(i-adaptha), kungakhathaliseki indawo, ingasebenza kahle, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi iyonke.
Ikusasa le-FTTH ne-FTTR: Amathemba nezinselele
Njengoba sibheke phambili, ikusasa lobuchwepheshe be-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR libonakala lithembisa, ngamathemba amaningana ajabulisayo. Indawo eyodwa ebalulekile okugxilwe kuyo ukuhlanganisa lezi zinhlelo nobuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana ne-5G, i-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT), kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI). Lokhu kuhlangana kulindeleke ukuthi kuvule amathuba amasha ezindlini ezihlakaniphile, i-telemedicine, kanye neqiniso elibonakalayo. Isibonelo, i-FTTH ne-FTTR inganikeza umgogodla wamanethiwekhi e-5G, iqinisekise ukuxhumana okushesha kakhulu nokuthembekile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.
Okunye okubalulekile okulindelwe wukwandiswa kwamanethiwekhi e-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle. Ngokuthembela okwandayo ku-inthanethi ngemfundo, umsebenzi, nokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi enesivinini esikhulu kulezi zifunda sekuyinto ehamba phambili. Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-fiber optical, njengokuthuthukiswa kwama-Optical Fiber Cords ahlala isikhathi eside futhi angabizi, enza ukunwetshwa kwalezi zinsizakalo ezindaweni ezikude kube nokwenzeka.
Nokho, ukwamukelwa okwandile kobuchwepheshe be-FTTH kanye ne-FTTR kuveza izinselelo ezimbalwa. Esinye sezithiyo eziyinhloko ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okudingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda. Ukuthumela amanethiwekhi e-fibre-optic kuhilela izindleko eziphezulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezinselele zezwe noma imikhawulo ekhona yengqalasizinda. Ukwengeza, izinselele zobuchwepheshe zihlotshaniswa nokufaka nokugcina lezi zinhlelo, ezidinga abasebenzi abanamakhono kanye nemishini ekhethekile.
Ukubhekana Nezinselele: Amaqhinga Nezixazululo
Amasu amaningana nezisombululo ziyahlolwa ukuze kunqotshwe izinselele ezihlobene nokusatshalaliswa kwe-FTTH ne-FTTR. Ubambiswano lukahulumeni nezizimele luvela njengemodeli esebenzayo yokuxhasa ngezimali nokusebenzisa amaphrojekthi amakhulu e-fibre-optic. Ohulumeni kanye nezinkampani ezizimele bayasebenzisana ukuze babelane ngomthwalo wezezimali futhi basebenzise ubuchwepheshe bomunye nomunye ekuthuthukisweni kwenethiwekhi (I-ADSS, OPGW).
Mayelana nezinselelo zobuchwepheshe, amasu okufaka nokuthuthuka kwemishini kwenza inqubo ibe lula. Isibonelo, izindlela ezintsha zokubeka i-Optical Fiber Cords zinciphisa isikhathi nomsebenzi odingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe. Ukwengeza, ukwenza ama-optical fibers aqinile futhi avumelana nezimo eziningi kuthuthukisa ukuqina nokusebenza kwamanethiwekhi.
Isiphetho
Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) kanye ne-Fiber-to-the-Room (FTTR) ilethe ushintsho lwepharadigm ekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi. Ngesivinini esisheshayo, ukwethembeka okukhulu, kanye nokufakwa okunwetshiwe, lawa masistimu abeka amazinga amasha okusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Naphezu kwezinselele, ukusungulwa okuqhubekayo nemizamo yokubambisana kuvula indlela yekusasa elixhumene kakhulu nelithuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Njengoba i-FTTH ne-FTTR ziqhubeka nokuvela, ngokungangabazeki zizodlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni indawo yedijithali yekhulu lama-21.