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Isidingo se-inthanethi esinejubane eliphezulu kanye nezixazululo zokuxhumana ezithuthukile ezikhuphukile kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ngenxa yalokhu, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber-optic, ikakhulukazi ku-fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) kanye nezinhlelo ze-fiber-to-the-the-the-houmbel (FTTR), ziye zaba zibalulekile. Lezi zinhlelo zithola amandla angenakuqhathaniswa lemicu emihle, efana nezintambo ze-fiber aptical kanye nemicu emihle yemodi yokubona, ukuhlinzeka abasebenzisi ngokuxhunyaniswa okusheshayo, okuthembekile, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-inthanethi okuphezulu. Le ndatshana idlulela kwintuthuko yakamuva ku-FTTH ne-FTTR Technologies, ihlola ukuthi iguqula kanjani nokuthi sixhuma kanjani futhi sixhumana kanjani.
Intuthuko ku-fiber-to-the-home (FTTH)
Ubuchwepheshe be-FTTH buye benze izithuthukisi ezinkulu eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuthuthuka kwezintambo ze-fiber ezibonakalayo ezidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Lezi zithuthuka ziholele ekukhuleni okukhulu kwejubane kanye namandla okuxhumeka kwe-Intanethi kwasekhaya. Izintambo zesimanje zefiber fiber zenzelwe ukuphatha imithwalo yedatha enkulu, ukunciphisa i-latency kanye nokwenza ngcono ulwazi lomsebenzisi jikelele. Lokhu kusiza ikakhulukazi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga i-bandwidth ephezulu, njengokusakazwa kwevidiyo, ukugembula okuku-inthanethi, nomsebenzi wokude.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwemicu ye-Multi-Mode Optical Fibers nakho kube nomthelela ekuziphendukeleni kwezinhlelo ze-FTTH. Ngokungafani nemicu eyodwa yemodi eyodwa, imicu yemodi ehlukahlukene ingaphatha amasignali amaningi akhanyayo ngasikhathi sinye, yandisa umthamo wokuhambisa idatha. Lokhu kubenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlala lapho amadivaysi amaningi axhumeka ngasikhathi sinye kwi-Intanethi.
Izinto ezintsha ku-fiber-to-the room (FTTR)
I-FTTR ukuthuthuka kwakamuva kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-fiber-optic, enikeza izinzuzo ze-FTTH kumagumbi ngamanye angaphakathi kwekhaya noma esakhiweni. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi ikamelo ngalinye linokuxhumana okuqondile kwe-fiber-optic, ukuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okusheshayo nokuthembekile. Enye yentuthuko ebalulekile ku-FTTR Technology ukuhlanganiswa kwezintambo ze-fiber ezibonakalayo ngezinhlelo ezihlakaniphile zasekhaya. Lokhu kuvumela ukuxhumeka komthungo(I-Desktop Box, Ibhokisi Lokusabalalisa) kanye nokulawulwa kwamadivayisi ahlukahlukene ahlakaniphile, kuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka kalula kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-automation yasekhaya.
Okunye okusha okusha okusha ku-FTTR kusetshenziswa imicu emihle ye-Mode-Mode enezifiso ezithuthukile nokushintsha ubuchwepheshe. Le nhlanganisela inika amandla okusatshalaliswa kwe-inthanethi eshesha kakhulu kumagumbi amaningi ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukusebenza. Iphinde ivumela ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha zenethiwekhi ezithuthukisiwe, ukuqinisekisa ubumfihlo kanye nokuphepha kwemininingwane yabasebenzisi.
Umthelela we-FTTH ne-FTTR ekuxhumaneni nasekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi
Intuthuko ku-FTTH ne-FTTR Technologies inemfanelo enkulu yokuxhumana nokusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Ngokusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezintambo ze-fiber optical kanye nemicu emihle ye-mode optical, abasebenzisi manje bangajabulela isivinini se-inthanethi esisheshayo, i-latency ephansi, kanye nomthamo wedatha ophakeme. Lokhu kuthuthukise kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuhlangenwe nakho okuku-inthanethi, kusuka ekusakazweni okuqukethwe okuphezulu okuphezulu kokubamba iqhaza ezingqungqutheleni zevidiyo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwezinhlelo ze-FTTr kulethe ukufinyelela kwe-Intanethi okuphezulu kwi-Intanethi ye-Intanethi ye-Intanethi yekhaya noma yokwakha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amadivayisi axhunyiwe(isixhumanisa), noma ngabe iyiphi indawo, ingasebenza kahle, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yonke.
Ikusasa le-FTTH ne-FTTR: amathemba nezinselelo
Njengoba sibheka phambili, ikusasa le-FTTH ne-FTTR Technology livela lithembisa, ngamathemba amaningana ajabulisayo. Enye indawo ebalulekile yokugxila ihlanganisa lezi zinhlelo ngobuchwepheshe obusafufusa njenge-5G, i-Intanethi yezinto (iot), nobuhlakani bokufakelwa (AI). Lokhu kuhlangana kulindeleke ukuthi kuvule amathuba amasha emakhaya ahlakaniphile, telemedicine, nangokoqobo engokoqobo. Isibonelo, i-FTTH ne-FTTR anganikeza umgogodla wamanethiwekhi we-5G, eqinisekisa ukuxhumana okusheshayo nokwethembekile kokuxhumana okuhlukahlukene.
Elinye ithemba elibalulekile ukunwetshwa kwe-FTTH ne-FTTR amanethiwekhi ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasezingenamkhawulo. Ngokuthembela okwandayo kwi-Intanethi yezemfundo, umsebenzi, kanye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela kwi-Intanethi yejubane eliphezulu kulezi zindawo sekuyinto eza kuqala. Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-fiber obonakalayo, njengokuthuthukiswa kwezintambo ezihlala isikhathi eside nezingabizi kakhulu, zenza ukunweba lezi zinsizakalo ezindaweni ezikude zinokwenzeka.
Kodwa-ke, ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwe-FTTT ne-FTTR Technologies kuveza izinselelo eziningana. Enye yezingqinamba ezinkulu ukutshalwa kwemali okuphezulu okudingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda. Ukuphamba amanethiwekhi we-fiber-optic kubandakanya izindleko eziphakeme, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinendawo eyinselele noma imikhawulo yengqalasizinda ekhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinselelo zezobuchwepheshe zihambisana nokufaka nokugcina lezi zinhlelo, ezidinga abasebenzi abanamakhono nemishini ekhethekile.
Ukubhekana nezinselelo: amasu nezixazululo
Kuhlolwa amasu namasu amaningana ukunqoba izinselelo ezihambisana nokuthunyelwa kwe-FTTH ne-FTTR. Ubambiswano lomphakathi-oluzimele luyavela njengemodeli esebenzayo yokuxhasa imali kanye nokusebenzisa amaphrojekthi amakhulu we-fiber-optic. Ohulumeni kanye nezinkampani ezizimele zisebenzisana nokwabelana ngomthwalo wezezimali futhi zivuselele ubuchwepheshe bomunye nomunye ekuthuthukisweni kwenethiwekhi (Izikhangiso, Opgw).
Mayelana nezinselelo zezobuchwepheshe, amasu wokufaka kanye nokuthuthuka kwemishini kulula inqubo. Isibonelo, izindlela ezintsha zokubeka izintambo ze-fiber optical zinciphisa isikhathi nabasebenzi abadingekayo ekuthumelweni. Ngokwengeziwe, ukuthuthukisa imicu emikhulu eminingi enamandla futhi eguquguqukayo ye-Multi-Mode Optical ithuthukisa ukuqina nokusebenza kwamanethiwekhi.
Ukugcina
Intuthuko ku-fiber-to-the-the-home (FTTH) ne-Febt-to-the-the-hount (FTTR) Technologies ilethe i-paradigm shift ekuxhumaneni nge-inthanethi. Ngejubane elisheshayo, ukuthembeka okukhulu, kanye nokwandiswa kwandisiwe, lezi zinhlelo zibeka amazinga amasha okusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Naphezu kwezinselelo, izinto ezintsha eziqhubekayo kanye nemizamo yokubambisana ivelela indlela yekusasa elixhumeke kakhulu nelithuthukile kwezobuchwepheshe. Njengoba i-FTTH ne-FTTR qhubeka nokuvela, ngokungangabazeki bayodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekubumbeni indawo yedijithali yekhulu lama-21.