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Umugozi wa fibre optiquebahinduye uburyo bwo gukurikirana umutekano, bishyiraho nk'inkingi ikomeye y'ibikorwa remezo byo kugenzura bigezweho. Bitandukanye nu nsinga gakondo z'umuringa, ibirahuri bidasanzwe cyangwa insinga za pulasitike byohereza amakuru hakoreshejwe ibimenyetso byoroheje, bitanga inyungu ntagereranywa zingirakamaro kubikorwa byumutekano byinshi. Gukora insinga za fibre optique,OPGW(Optical Ground Wire) insinga, nibindi bikoresho bya fibre optique byahindutse inganda yihariye isubiza ibibazo byumutekano byiyongera kwisi yose. Intsinga zateye imbere zitanga umuvuduko udasanzwe wo kohereza amakuru, ubudahangarwa bwuzuye bwo kwivanga kwa electronique, kongera umutekano wibimenyetso birinda gukanda, intera ndende cyane, hamwe nigihe kirekire cyane mubidukikije. Ingano ntoya na kamere yoroheje nayo yorohereza kwishyiriraho sisitemu yumutekano igoye. Mugihe ihungabana ryumutekano rigenda rirushaho kuba ingorabahizi, inganda zikora fibre optique zikomeje guhanga udushya, guteza imbere insinga zifite ubushobozi bwiyongera, ziramba, hamwe nibintu byihariye byateguwe byumwihariko kubibazo byihariye byo gukurikirana umutekano wuzuyeimiyoborohirya no hino mubigo bya leta, ibikorwa remezo bikomeye, nubucuruzi.
Ubushobozi bwo Kohereza amakuru
Umugozi wa fibre optique wohereza amakuru ukoresheje ibimenyetso byoroheje, byemerera ubushobozi bwumurongo urenze kure insinga z'umuringa gakondo. Ubu bushobozi buhebuje butuma sisitemu yumutekano ikora amashusho menshi asobanura amashusho menshi, ibiryo byamajwi, amakuru yimikorere, hamwe namakuru yo kugenzura icyarimwe atabangamiwe. Ibikoresho byumutekano bigezweho bisaba kamera amajana akorera kumurongo wa 4K cyangwa irenga, hamwe na sensor zitandukanye hamwe na sisitemu yo gutahura-byose bitanga amakuru menshi. Ibikorwa remezo bya fibre optique gusa birashobora gushigikira byimazeyo urwego rwamakuru atemba nta kibazo cyangwa ibibazo byubukererwe. Ubu bushobozi buhebuje kandi bwerekana ejo hazaza-umutekano wumutekano, wakira ibikoresho byinyongera nibisubizo bihanitse uko ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere.
Ubudahangarwa bwo Kwivanga kwa Electromagnetic
Bitandukanye n'insinga z'umuringa zishobora guhura no kwangirika kw'ibimenyetso kubera kwivanga kwa electronique (EMI),fibre optiqueohereza amakuru ukoresheje ibimenyetso byurumuri bikomeza kutagira ingaruka rwose kubangamira amashanyarazi. Iyi ngingo yingenzi itanga imikorere yizewe ya sisitemu yumutekano mubidukikije bifite ibikorwa byinshi bya electroniki ya magnetiki, nkibikorwa byinganda, inganda zamashanyarazi, cyangwa uduce twegereye ibikoresho byamashanyarazi biremereye. Kamera z'umutekano hamwe na sensor bihujwe binyuze mumigozi ya fibre optique bikomeza gukora mubisanzwe ndetse no mugihe cyumuyaga wamashanyarazi cyangwa iyo bishyizwe hafi yibikoresho byumuvuduko mwinshi. Ubu budahangarwa bwo kwivanga bugabanya cyane impuruza zitari zo hamwe na sisitemu yo hasi, bigatuma umutekano uhoraho.
Kongera umutekano wumubiri
Umugozi wa fibre optiquetanga umutekano wihariye utuma biba byiza kubikorwa byo kugenzura byoroshye. Ntabwo basohora ibimenyetso bya electromagnetique bishobora gufatwa, bikabagora cyane gukanda utabimenye. Ikigeragezo icyo aricyo cyose cyo kugera kuri fibre mubisanzwe bihagarika ibimenyetso byurumuri, sisitemu yumutekano igezweho irashobora guhita ibona nkikigeragezo cyo kurenga. Umugozi udasanzwe wongerewe imbaraga za fibre zirimo urwego rwinyongera rwo kurinda hamwe nubushobozi bwo kugenzura bushobora kwerekana neza neza aho igerageza iryo ari ryo ryose ryerekanwa ku burebure bwa kabili. Uru rwego rwumutekano ni ngombwa ku bigo bya leta, ibigo by’imari, n’ibikorwa remezo bikomeye aho kurinda amakuru ari byo by'ingenzi.
Intera Yagutse
Intsinga ya fibre optique irashobora kohereza ibimenyetso hejuru yintera nini kuruta iyindi muringa idasaba gusubiramo ibimenyetso cyangwa ibyongerwaho. Fibre isanzwe yuburyo bumwe irashobora kohereza amakuru kubirometero bigera kuri kilometero 25 nta kwangirika kw'ibimenyetso, mugihe fibre yihariye irashobora kwaguka cyane. Ubu bushobozi burebure butuma fibre iba nziza kubikorwa binini byumutekano bikubiyemo perimetero nini, ibidukikije byikigo, cyangwa ibikoresho byatanzwe. Sisitemu yumutekano irashobora guhuza ibikorwa byo kugenzura mugihe ikomeza guhuza neza, mugihe nyacyo na kamera ya kure na sensor ahantu hatatanye.
Kuramba kw'ibidukikije
Intsinga ya optique ya fibre igezweho ikozwe muburyo budasanzwe mubidukikije bikaze. Umugozi wa OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) uhuza fibre optique hamwe nintwaro zo gukingira ibyuma, bigatuma bikwiranyekwishyiriraho hanzemubihe bikabije. Intsinga kabuhariwe zirwanya ubushuhe, ihindagurika ryubushyuhe, guhura na UV, no kwanduza imiti. Kwishyiriraho fibre yo munsi y'ubutaka birashobora kumara imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo bitangirika, mugihe ibyoherezwa mu kirere bihanganira umuyaga mwinshi, kubaka urubura, hamwe n’ibinyabuzima byivanga. Uku guhangana n’ibidukikije gutuma umutekano uhoraho mugukurikirana ahantu hagoye nkuruzitiro rwa perimetero, imiyoboro ya peteroli, koridoro zitwara abantu, hamwe n’ahantu hitaruye aho hashobora kuboneka uburyo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Diameter ntoya idasanzwe hamwe nuburemere bworoshye bwa fibre optique itanga inyungu zingenzi kubikorwa byumutekano. Ingaraguumugozi wa fibreubunini bwimisatsi yumuntu burashobora gutwara amakuru menshi kurenza umugozi wumuringa inshuro nyinshi ubunini bwayo. Iyi miterere yoroheje itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho ahantu hafunzwe, imiyoboro ihari, cyangwa kuruhande rwibindi bikorwa bidasaba kubaka bikomeye. Imiterere yoroheje yinsinga ya fibre nayo igabanya ibyangombwa byuburemere bwibikoresho byo mu kirere. Ibiranga umubiri bifasha kurushaho gushyira mu bikorwa umutekano wihariye, hamwe ninsinga zishobora guhishwa neza kandi zikanyuzwa mu gufungura bito, kuzamura ubwiza n’umutekano bigatuma ibikorwa remezo byo kugenzura bitagaragara kubashobora kwinjira.
Imiyoboro igezweho ya optique itanga umusingi mwiza wo guhuza isesengura ryumutekano ryateye imbere. Umuyoboro mwinshi kandi wizewe wo kuranga fibre ituma isesengura ryigihe-gihe cyo gusesengura amashusho, gutunganya ubwenge bwubukorikori, hamwe na porogaramu yo kwiga imashini ikora urwego rwo hejuru rwikoranabuhanga ryumutekano. Sisitemu irashobora gusesengura amashusho menshi icyarimwe kugirango imenyekane mumaso, isesengura ryimyitwarire, gutahura ibintu, no kumenyekana bidasanzwe. Ubukererwe buke bwa fibre optique ikwirakwiza yemeza ko iyi mibare igoye ishobora kubaho haba hagatiibigocyangwa ukoresheje ibikoresho byo kubara hamwe nubukererwe buke, bigufasha guhita umutekano wibisubizo byugarije iterabwoba. Mugihe ubushobozi bwo gusesengura bukomeje gutera imbere, imbaraga zikomeye zituma sisitemu yumutekano ishobora guhinduka bitabaye ngombwa ko hajyaho itumanaho ryibanze.
Umugozi wa fibre optique umaze kwigaragaza nkishingiro ryingenzi rya sisitemu zigezweho zo kugenzura umutekano, zitanga uruhurirane rukomeye rwumuyoboro mugari, umutekano, kwiringirwa, hamwe nigihe kirekire ibyo bigenzurwa nubuhanga bukomeye. Mugihe ihungabana ryumutekano rikomeje kugenda ryiyongera, gukora insinga kabuhariwe ya fibre optique-kuva mubikorwa bisanzwe kugeza kuri OPGW ikomye-ikomeza kuba ku isonga mu gushyiraho ingamba zuzuye zo kurinda. Imiterere yihariye yo kohereza fibre yemeza ko sisitemu yumutekano ishobora gukomeza kwipimisha muburyo bugoye hamwe nubushobozi mugihe hagumyeho ubunyangamugayo bukenewe mubikorwa byo kugenzura ubutumwa bukomeye. Ku bayobozi b'ibigo, abashinzwe umutekano, hamwe na ba sisitemu ba sisitemu, gusobanukirwa no gukoresha ibyiza by'ibikorwa remezo bya fibre optique byabaye ingenzi mu gushyira mu bikorwa igisubizo cy’umutekano cyiza kandi kizaza gishobora guhura n’iterabwoba n’ikoranabuhanga bigenda bigaragara.